10 de junio|Alexander Bonilla
La exploración del petróleo y del gas natural por supuesto que tiene impacto socioambiental. Su dimensión dependerá de la ubicación de los yacimientos ( tierra o mar) y de las técnicas que se usen en la exploración (prospección y/o perforación), en la extracción porque se necesita gran infraestructura, y en el transporte y almacenamiento. Igualmente se presentarán modificaciones socioeconómicas regionales, que deben valorarse (positivas o negativas), asà como los aspectos de salud y seguridad laboral. De ahà que es fundamental analizar a priori los impactos socioambientales , de salud y seguridad laboral, que se puedan presentar en las diferentes etapas.
Por lo tanto, no creemos conveniente que se de un contrato sin garantizar la realización de los estudios de impacto ambiental, pues será muy difÃcil, sin estos, saber exactamente los costos y beneficios que pueda traer para el paÃs permitir una actividad de este tipo. No se podrÃa obtener una real relación beneficio costo, que pudiera también determinar las potenciales ganancias, como se dice, para el paÃs.
Decir ahora que petróleo no , pero que gas sÃ, es muy fácil. Hay que dar a conocer e informar de los aspectos ambientales involucrados. Y esto debe explicársele con criterio técnico y cientÃfico a la población, en especial a la potencialmente afectada de la zona norte.
Un paÃs, un gobierno que se dice ambientalista, y que lo pregona a nivel internacional ( siendo a veces candil de la calle y oscuridad de la casa) no debe venir a decir que ya no pueden hacer nada, porque la situación de contratación la heredaron de otros que actuaron irresponsablemente. El paÃs tiene normas y una legislación que indica que todo proyecto debe tener una evaluación de impacto ambiental de previo, y que debe ser conocida por la Setena para que autorice su viabilidad ambiental. Esto debe hacerse respetar, ante las empresas petroleras o de gas transnacionales.
Y si luego de realizados, y de darse la discusión, las consultas públicas establecidas, se demuestra que el proyecto es beneficioso socioambientalmente y hasta economicamente para el paÃs y para la región, pues que se tomen las decisiones que tengan que tomarse.
Sobre este tema se puede y debe presentar un gran debate, pero basado en lo técnico y cientÃfico y no en posiciones ideológicas o de la oposición por oposición. Unos y otros deberán aportar lo mejor del conocimiento, para que al final se tome una decisión que favorezca a las actuales y futuras generaciones. La discusión debe tener como marco las polÃticas ambientales estatales, en especial la del cambio climático y del cacareado carbono neutro, su capacidad de controles ambientales; y también dentro del panorama energético mundial y las posibilidades y necesidades del paÃs para enfrentar los desafÃos energéticos del mediano y largo plazo.
Pero eso sÃ, debe haber respeto ante todo de los diferentes actores involucrados( a favor y en contra), y que los interesados, llámese gobierno o empresarios, no utilicen subterfugios o triquiñuelas polÃticas o legales , para meter a la fuerza una explotación, en este caso que nos dicen, de gas. Ya el pueblo no come cuento, ya estamos hartos y cansados de las mentiras de los gobernantes. Ojalá esto no se de en este tan interesante debate que se vislumbra. El pueblo tiene hoy los instrumentos administrativos, legales, de opinión, de manifestación, para traerse abajo un proyecto que no se bueno para el paÃs. Asà que hagamos las cosas bien, y que se decida por lo mejor para el paÃs.
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Si queremos estructurar una lucha anti petrolera -incluyendo el gas metano- de verdad, la misma tiene que descansar en información seria, cientÃfica y social, para tener credibilidad, y no en comentarios como éste que no penetra la epidermis y se queda en las generalidades vacÃas.
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Sobre la explotación de gas en la zona norte
10 de junio|Alexander Bonilla Comentaremos y escribiremos sobre los pros y contras, desde el punto de vista ambiental y energético de una eventual explotación de gas natural en Costa Rica. Alguien...
10 de junio|Alexander Bonilla Comentaremos y escribiremos sobre los pros y contras, desde el punto de vista ambiental y energético de una eventual explotación de gas natural en Costa Rica. Alguien...
